1. 研究目的与意义
The reason of this topic
After a continuous analysis of Tess#8217;s family and the social and cultural backgrounds at that time, it can be found that the tragedy of Tess is determined by her contradictory personality, which is strong and brave, but weak and compromised at the same time. Apart from that, the traditional economic status and the subsidiary social status of female are important reasons as well. This paper is intended to explore the positive and negative sides of the personality of Tess. It moves forward a greater step to learn more and interpret further about Tess. As a result of Thomas Hardy#8217;s most productive period of creativity in the Victorian era, it can be discovered that the characteristics of the time not only lead to the feature of personality of the heroine in this novel, but also bring about the tragic fate of Tess.
2. 研究内容和预期目标
Research content
The novel #8216;Tess of the D#8217;Urbervilles#8217; expresses deeply the theme of tragedy. Tess is a beautiful, kind, hardworking and innocent girl. However, she has a strong sense of self-respect. Based on the analysis of Tess#8217;s whole life, this paper aims to explore the root which causes her misfortune. The tragedy of Tess not only has deep economic root and class origin, but also has some elements of ethics and religion. There are other factors which lead to the tragedy of Tess. Tess#8217;s own personality causes her adversity to some extent. In addition to that, Tess#8217;s destiny is also related with Alec and Clare.
3. 国内外研究现状
Current research at home and abroad
Literature is a mirror of the reality, reflecting all aspects of life. More and more scholars begin to study the roots of economy, politics and culture in the perspective of literature. Tragedy is one of the ways of the creation of novels. Date back to the era of ancient Greece, the West had the creation of tragedy. Critics have made a lot of interpretations based on different theories since this novel came out in 1891. In spite of that, most of the comments and interpretations are focused on the same purpose, which is the cause of the tragedy of Tess. Some critics attribute the tragedy of Tess to her passive and submissive personality; others attribute it to the moral standards in the Victorian era; there are still a part of people holding the view that the tragedy is owing to the dominant male chauvinism and patriarchy. All the analyses of the causes of Tess#8217;s tragedy reveal the roots to a certain level. Nevertheless, these explanations cannot be exhaustive; it requires us to continue to carry out new explorations and discoveries.
4. 计划与进度安排
Plan and proposal
In Chapter 1, there will be a brief introduction of Thomas Hardy, as well as the significance of his representative work #8216;Tess of the D''Urbervilles#8217;.
In Chapter 2, current research at home and abroad will be introduced first. Then there will be a continuous analysis of Tess#8217;s family, social and cultural backgrounds at that time.
5. 参考文献
Reference
[1] Sky Net. On the Image of Tess in Tess of D#8217;Urbervilles [J]. 2009.32 (5), 9-10.
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