Critical Realism in Honore De Balzac s Works:A Case Study on The Human Comedy开题报告

 2022-08-08 09:34:20

1. 研究目的与意义

Critical realism is a literary genre and trend of thought formed in Europe in the 19th century. It critically reproduced the social systems and social relations existing in that period , exposed and torn up all the false masks in reality, and greatly influenced the development of world literature and human progress. As the founder of European critical realism, Honor Balzac has a lofty position in the history of world literature and holds the title of 'Napoleon in literature'. On the other hand, he was heavily indebt for his luxurious life. However, poverty made him experience life well and create profound literary masterpieces with his lofty and rigorous attitudes. There were many interesting things in his life and his works were closely related to real life , so his works were considered as 'a mirror of French society.' The Human Comedy is a collection of novels, which comprehensively reflects the social life of France in the 19th century and writes a history of social customs in France. Therefore, The Human Comedy has also been viewed as 'an encyclopedia of capitalism.' The Human Comedy of Balzac is the highest achievement of critical realism. It writes about the decline of aristocracy and the rise and development of the bourgeoisie. Its social and historical content can be summarized as follows: aristocratic decline, fortune of assets, evil money, known as the three themes.His works depict the history of the decline of feudal aristocrats, depict the history of the bourgeois fortune and reveal the evil of money in capitalist society. Money is just material wealth. Humans need not only material wealth but also spiritual wealth. money is material wealth, intellectual wisdom is spiritual wealth, many people spend a lifetime to pursue money, but seldom to pursuit spiritual wealth, material satisfaction does not represent the spirit of wealth, and the spirit of the wealth often makes you have unexpected gains. We must abandon this bad atmosphere and learn to treat money properly.In addition, the greatest achievement of the novel is to create a typical miser. Balzac selected a series of typical details to show his miserly personality. The subject explores the development process and characteristics of critical realism from different aspects, focusing on analysis of critical realism embodied in Honore De Balzac#8217;s works. Meanwhile, to appreciate themes of every stories plays an important role in the process of understanding the paper. I hope to analyze the characters, themes and the practical significance of the expression through specific examples, and to understand the influenes of this novel and Balzac himself in the history of literature.

2. 研究内容和预期目标

Research content: This paper will mainly introduce related information of origins and developments of critical realism. Then it will introduce characteristics of critical realism,such as reflection of reality, exposures and criticism of bad things in life, emphasis on environment description and humanism in it. After that, it will introduce critical realism in The Human Comedy. In this part, it will describe people#8217;s real life. It will pay much attention to the description of environment and people#8217;s characters. At last, it will introduce the themes and influences of The Human Comedy. According to this subject, the method of combining quantitative research and qualitative research is adopted in this paper. The main research content is the plot, theme expression and social influences in this novel. The key issues to be solved: First, to analyze the writing purposes of author from the perspective of critical realism. Second, to promote the development of the plots through the description of the people#8217;s characters. Third, to know how environment description plays an important role in theme expression. Fourth, to discuss the influences of The Human Comedy and Balzac himself in the history of literature.

Outline:

1. Introduction

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3. 国内外研究现状

As a great writer in critical realism in the nineteenth century, Honore de Balzac was deeply loved by domestic and foreign writers. Many of them have an in-depth study of his works. Domestic status : Yang Changlong said that realism was very important to writing creation. If a writer, especially a novel writer, lacks a comprehensive and profound understanding of the society he or she describes, he can not correctly estimate various trends in the social development of all classes, and can not have a profound understanding of various intricate social relations. The society that writers describe for himself must have the overall, essential and regular understanding, and this is the 'holistic view of art.' Balzac has been able to create a phenomenal and remarkable performance that is entirely the result of his tenacious struggle under the explicit guidance of his realistic 'artistic holism'. Another writer Liu Biao thought that success was not accidental. The greatness of Balzac#8217;s works lied in his writing style. Balzac analyzed the typical shape of The Human Comedy from the content of the theme, the details of the story description, the character of the novel. Foreign status: Allan H. Pasco said the themes of Balzac#8216;s works were philosophic theories. He concluded that the tale was a#8220;ration non seulement un peu mince, mais assez dsagrable de ton etpeu vraisemblable.#8221; In addition, to make a farce of a madman #8220;n#8217;est peut-trepas de trs bon got. According to what Balzac said, another writer thought that people could use style to define gait. The purpose of this study is to compare Honor de Balzac#8217;s writings with a scientific analysis of human gait. Balzac considered gait analysis to be very important and this is reflected in both his character descriptions and theory of walking, his analytical observation of gait. In our own technology-dominated times, this serves as a reminder of the importance of observation.

4. 计划与进度安排

Before Nov. 10th,2022--To finish the selection of topic

Before Nov. 30th, 2022--To complete opening report

Before Mar. 18th,2022--To finish the first draft and intermediate inspection Before Apr. 30th,2022--To finish the modification of the paper, final draft and the translation of foreign literature

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5. 参考文献

[1] Ackroyd, S., amp; Karlsson, J. C. (2014). Critical realism, research techniques, and research resigns. In P. K. Edwards, J.

[2] Archer, M. S. (1995). Realist social theory: The morphogenetic approach. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

[3] Archer, M. S. (2010). Morphogenesis versus structuration: On combining structure and action. The British Journal of Sociology, 61, 225#8211;252. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-4446.2009.01245.x

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